development-led investigation
Lund University (Sweden)
CC-BY 4.0
Trinitatis Drotten latest maquette (3D model)
terrain
3D model of the latest maquette of the Drotten church at Trinitatis
The hand-drawn plan of the excavation conducted at the cemetery of Trinitatis by the Drotten Church.
nxs
meter
3D model of remains of the Drotten church at Trinitatis (3D model)
nxz
structured light scanner
Reality Scan
research investigation
New bone formation possibly associated with increased strain on the adductor longus muscle. Adductor longus attaches on the anterior surface of the pubis inferior to the pubic tubercle, functioning primarily in stabilizing the lower limb and medially rotating (Gosling et al., 266).
Pathology
Marginal osteophytes on the superior surface of the vertebral body.
Wedging of the vertebral body, likely result of the shift in weight with the trauma, uneven stress can be seen on the superior and inferior articular facets.
Slight wedging of the lumbar vertebral body.
Marginal osteophytes on the inferior surface of the vertebral body.
Large osteophyte formation on the vertebral margin.
Entheseal change of the superior glenohumeral ligament possibly related to increased strain from walking with crutches.
Site of fracture healing in c. 45 degrees dorso-medial angulation. Remodeled bone can be seen around the site of the trauma, porosity present but the bone is smooth and lamellated.
Trauma
Post-mortem damage to the bone, exposing the spongy trabecular bone.
General Comment
Osteomyelitic cloaca associated with the trauma.
Post-traumatic fusion of the left patella and femur in the former position of the patellar fossa.
Trinitatis 1982-4 Femur (Annotation Test )
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TR1982_4_KM 71839.2399 Tibia
Trinitatis 1982-4 Tibia (right)
bone grave
bone
Substantially larger linea musculi solei on the right posterior tibia, relative to the left side. Healed and ongoiing periosteal reaction suggest inflammatory relapses.
Kulturen Museum in Lund (Sweden)
handpicking
intact
1300 CE
1536 CE
Medieval
TR1982_4_KM 71839.2399 Pubis
Trinitatis 1982-4 Pubis
Inflammatory striations of the ventral pubic bone.
Trinitatis 1982-4 KM 71839.2399 Pubis 3D
fragment
TR1982_4_KM 71839.2399 Femsin
Trinitatis 1982-4 Femur (left)
Oblique ante-mortem fracture. Complete dislocation of the condyles healed in ca 45 degrees angulation in a dorso-medial position. The position of the fracture and dislocation suggest that the distal epiphysis was fused at the time of trauma. Fusion of the patella in the former position of the patellar fossa. The distal portion of the femoral shaft shows swelling and a cloaca/abcess is visible intercondylarly, strongly supportive of chronic osteomyelitic infection.
Trinitatis 1982-4 KM 71839.2399 Femsin 3D
TR1982_4_KM 71839.2399 Humsin
Trinitatis 1982-4 Humerus (left)
Entheseal changes of the superior glenohumeral ligament of the shoulder girdle on both sides. Plausibly consistent with excess strain when walking with mobility aid, e.g. crutches.
Trinitatis 1982-4 KM 71839.2399 Humsin 3D
complete
TR1982_4_KM 71839.2399 Humdex
Trinitatis 1982-4 Humerus (right)
Trinitatis 1982-4 KM 71839.2399 Humdex 3D
TR1982_4_KM 71839.2399 Lumbal 5
Trinitatis 1982-4 5th Lumbar Vertebra
Higher degree of vertebral osteophyte formation than expected in an individual of that age. All lumbar vertebrae were affected by osteophyte formation and showed slight wedging.
Trinitatis 1982-4 KM 71839.2399 Lumbal 5 3D
TR1982_4_KM 71839.2399 Lumbal 3
Trinitatis 1982-4 3rd Lumbar Vertebra
Trinitatis 1982-4 KM 71839.2399 Lumbal 3 3D
TR1982_4_KM 71839.2399 Lumbal 2
Trinitatis 1982-4 2nd Lumbar Vertebra
Trinitatis 1982-4 KM 71839.2399 Lumbal 2 3D
TR1982_4_KM 71839.2399 Lumbal 1
Trinitatis 1982-4 1st Lumbar Vertebra
Trinitatis 1982-4 KM 71839.2399 Lumbal 1 3D
Trinitatis 1982-84 KM71839 context 2399 3D
skeleton
excavation trench
human skeleton
Good overall bone representation. Arm position and cemetery stratigraphy suggest that the individual was buried in the Late Middle Ages (1300-1536). The grave is situated in quadrant X:5 of the excavation plan, layer “b”. The head of the grave is measured at +34.60 meters above sea level (masl) while the foot of the grave is measured at +34.55 masl. The grave is laid in a typical East-West orientation on top of the foundation of the Western church tower. No signs of a coffin.
Male, 30.5 years with a 95% confidence interval of 22.4-39.3 years (TA3 analysis; SD=8.2, corr. 0.902), stature of 171.6 cm (Sjøvold, 1990). Good overall preservation of traits for analysis.
adult
Both upper and lower leg bones on both sides well preserved.
primary
supine
rotated left
medially rotated
flexed
pronated
fingers extended
extended
Well preserved, approximately 80% of the skeleton preserved.
GraveID: KM71839.2399 References: Sjøvold, T. (1990). Estimation of stature from long bones utilizing the line of organic correlation. Human evolution, 5, 431-447.
Rescue excavations by Kulturens Museum in the St. Clemens block, along Kattesund, from 1982-1984 (Nilsson, 1985). The 82-84 excavations uncovered the Trinitatis stone church (established 1050 CE) and an earlier stave church to the Northwest that is predecessor to the stone church (990-1050 CE) (Nilsson, 1985). The church, in its multiple iterations, and the cemetery were in use continuously from the time of Lund’s establishment in 990 CE through to the reformation in 1536 CE. Two stave churches adjacent to Trinitatis have also been identified (Blomqvist and Mårtensson, 1963; Mårtensson, 1976; Nilsson, 1985). These are the Kattesund church to the east and the Drottens church to the south, both in use ca.1050-1100 CE. These churches are proposed to have served different segments of the population than Trinitatis during this period (Cinthio, 2002). 3126 graves have been documented at Trinitatis, which includes all those buried in the cemetery around the stave church and the later stone church, as well as those buried in the floor of the stone church during the High (1100-1300 CE) and Late Middle Ages (1300-1536 CE). 320 graves haven documented in the Kattesund cemetery and 130 in the cemetery around Drottens (Arcini, 1999: 48). See notes and comments for full references.
References: Arcini, C. (1999). Health and Disease in early Lund. Health and disease in early Lund: osteo-pathologic studies of 3,305 individuals buried in the first cemetery area of Lund 990–1536. Acta Archaeologica Lundensia. Lund. Blomqvist, R. and Mårtensson, A. W. (1963). Thulegrävningen 1961: en berättelse om vad grävningarna för Thulehuset i Lund avslöjade. Acta Archaeologica Lundensia. Lund. Cinthio, M. (2002). De första stadsborna: Medeltida gravar och människor i Lund. Ö.B. Symposion AB. Eslöv. Mårtensson, A.W. (1976). Uppgrävt för flutet för PKbanken i Lund. En investering i Arkeologi. Acta Archaeologica Lundensia. Lund. Nilsson, T. (1985). Drottenskyrkan och dess föregångare, Nya arkeologiska rön i Lund. Kulturens årsbok.
Artec Studio 17
3D model representing the find KM 71839.2399 Lumbal 5
laser scanner
3D model representing the find KM 71839.2399 Humsin
3D model representing the find KM 71839.2399 Humdex
3D model representing the find KM 71839.2399 Lumbal 2
3D model representing the find KM 71839.2399 Lumbal 1
Artec Studio 14
object
3D model representing the find KM 71839.2399 Lumbal 3